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Evolution of vault RNAs
Axel Mosig, Peter F Stadler
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Status: In preparation
Encyclopedia of Life Sciences
Abstract
Vault RNAs a small, about 100nt long, polymerase transcripts contained in
the vault particles of eukaryotic cells. Although vaults are present in
many but by no means all eukaryotes, an RNA component has been described
in metazoa only. The RNAs exhibit conserved regions at the 3' and 5' ends
containing also internal promoter elements. They form a panhandle-like
well-conserved secondary structure. Most genomes contain only one or a
small number of closely related vault RNA sequences. Only eutheria
exhibit two clearly distinguished paralogs at syntenically conserved
genomic locations. Their phylogenetic distribution is characterized by
losses in major clades: while lophotrochozoa have vault particles and
vault RNAs, the entire system has been deleted in all ecdysozoa.
Keywords
RNA secondary structure, animal genomes, polymerase III transcripts